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1.Title:  Halliday Jackson Journal (1798-1799)
 Dates:  1798 - 1799 
 Extent:  1 volume  
 Locations:  Allegany | Bedford | Berlin | Buffalo | Fort Erie | Niagara Falls | Pittsburgh | Redstone Township | Shippensburg | Strasburg | Warren | York 
 Abstract:  In a journal documenting his residence with the Seneca Nation in New York, Pennsylvania Quaker Halliday Jackson offers a detailed, daily account of his missionary life, travels, and Seneca customs at the turn of the nineteenth century (1798-99). Jackson offers numerous accounts of land, cultivation, and development, including early accounts of Pittsburg (p.8-9), a Seneca settlement (19), and Niagara Falls (163-64). Native American studies scholars may gravitate to the volume's descriptions of Seneca food preparation (17), marriage (148-9), alcohol consumption (14, 124-125), land deeds (53-54, 75), Quaker diplomacy (23-24, 32-33), and increasingly strained relations with backcountry settlers (126, 131-133, 146-47, 178-79), many of which are voiced by the Seneca themselves and transcribed by Jackson at council meetings. This volume also features entries that will interest scholars researching the early national period, including the Bank of the United States (75), the yellow fever epidemic (74, 114-15), and the death of George Washington (176). 
    
A similar printed version of the journal, edited by Anthony F.C. Wallace, was published in Pennsylvania History in 1952.
 
    
In a journal documenting his residence with the Seneca Nation in New York, Pennsylvania Quaker Halliday Jackson offers a detailed, daily account of his missionary life, travels, and Seneca customs at the turn of the nineteenth century (1798-99). Jackson offers numerous accounts of land, cultivation, and development, including early accounts of Pittsburg (p.8-9), a Seneca settlement (19), and Niagara Falls (163-64). Native American studies scholars may gravitate to the volume's descriptions of Seneca food preparation (17), marriage (148-9), alcohol consumption (14, 124-125), land deeds (53-54, 75), Quaker diplomacy (23-24, 32-33), and increasingly strained relations with backcountry settlers (126, 131-133, 146-47, 178-79), many of which are voiced by the Seneca themselves and transcribed by Jackson at council meetings. This volume also features entries that will interest scholars researching the early national period, including the Bank of the United States (75), the yellow fever epidemic (74, 114-15), and the death of George Washington (176).
 
A similar printed version of the journal, edited by Anthony F.C. Wallace, was published in Pennsylvania History in 1952.
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  Selected Quotations
  • "Your Friends the Quakers have for many years been desirous you should be taught in the ways of good and honest White people, that you, your Wives, and Children might learn to live more comfortably, and be relieved from the distresses and difficulties to which you have been subjected by your old habits and manners of living…some of our young men from an earnest desire to be useful to you, have concluded to leave their usual business here, and comfortable dwellings, and go into your Country for the purpose of instructing you in the cultivation of Lands, raising and managing of Cattle, and to example you in sobriety and industry, for which purpose they expect to remain for a time amongst you" (23-24)

  • "About this time and for some time past numbers of White people were clocking down this River with their wives and Families mostly from the west branch of Susquehanna and generally going to settle on the Waters of French Creek...The difficulties they encounter in the journey is very great…They sometimes bring to my remembrance the journeying of the Children of Israel out of Egypt" (146-7)

  • "Altho it is sorrowful to behold the extravagance, and incorrigible attachment of these poor people to Splendid and superfluous Ornaments in their Apparel, I cannot but lament their situation when I reflect that these corruptions are principally deriv'd from those who stile themselves Christians--We have much reason to believe that while they natives reign'd as Aboriginal Lords of the Soil, before they had any communication with the White Inhabitants and while they were clothed in the Skins which they procur'd in their Native Forests, they were merely more temperate-free from pride and all other vices than they now are, and lived more in the Harmony one with another-The rich productions of Foreign Countries-and manufactures of Civilized Nations have served only to lead them into extravagance and Pride, and instead of contributing to their comfort has sown the seeds of immorality, intemperance & effeminacy, among them. The White people have taken away their Land, whereon they once lived in ease and plenty, and given them in exchange for ti little more than their Vies--& what little pecuniary aid is afforded them, with what they can yet procure from their Native Forests, the lovers of money more than Lovers of Justice are artfully devising means to obtain from them for that which is of little advantage to them, but to lead them onto pride, and to effect their destruction and Total extinction-and those who settle on the frontiers of their Country, who ought to example them in a life of morality and civilization are too frequently the Outcasts of all nations, and whose conduct in the view of these Natives serve only to disgrace the name of Christianity-Such is the situation of many of the Indian Tribes-How lamentable & yet how true" (178-9)
 
 Subjects:  Agriculture. | Bank of the United States (1791-1811) | Diaries. | Indians of North America--Missions. | Missionaries. | Native America | Oneida Indians. | Race. | Religion. | Seneca Indians. | Society of Friends--Missions. | Society of Friends. | Temperance. | Travel. | United States--Civilization--1783-1865. | Washington, George, 1732-1799. | Yellow fever. 
 Collection:  Some account of my journey to the Seneca Nation of Indians, and residence amongst that people, 1798-1799  (Mss.970.3.J25)  
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2.Title:  Jacob Hiltzheimer Diaries (1765-1798)
 Dates:  1765 - 1798 
 Extent:  28 volumes  
 Locations:  Bethlehem | Burlington | Germantown | Lancaster | New York | Philadelphia | Trenton | Washington D.C. | Wilmington 
 Abstract:  The Jacob Hiltzheimer Diary spans 28 volumes and offers insight into the social life and customs of Philadelphia between the late colonial period to the early republic (1765-1798). Hiltzheimer describes a wide range of events, such as sleigh riding to ice skating to attending a large celebration of King George's Birthday on the banks of the Schuylkill with over 380 Philadelphians (before Independence). During the imperial crisis, Hiltzheimer's observations provide an interesting perspective on the events happening within the city, including the repeal of the Stamp Act, French troop movements, Cornwallis's surrender, and ensuing mob violence against suspected loyalists (e.g. 10/24/1781). 
    
Hiltzheimer provides a detailed and textured account of the young republic through scrupulous attention to the Constitutional Convention, election and reelection of George Washington, the Whiskey Rebellion, the Wyoming Valley incident, and the ascension of John Adams. Thanks to his career in Philadelphia politics (elected as a representative of the city in the Assembly in 1786), he furnishes first-hand accounts of George Washington, the funerals of Benjamin Franklin and David Rittenhouse, and numerous entries devoted to Pennsylvania luminaries including John and Clement Biddle, Joseph Morris, Levi Hollingsworth, Henry Drinker, and Timothy Matlack.
 
Hiltzheimer's journal also records family and personal details, including plague of locusts in 1766 and 1783, a great fire in 1794, and the death of his wife (3/11/1790) and loss of both his son and daughter to Yellow Fever (11/28/1793 and 12/29/1794 respectively). Indeed, his account of the Yellow Fever epidemic in Philadelphia is particularly exhaustive, with daily records of burials between 9/19-12/31/1793, as well as further accounts during the 1797 crisis, during which he ultimately contracted the disease that led to his death in September 1798.
 
    
The Jacob Hiltzheimer Diary spans 28 volumes and offers insight into the social life and customs of Philadelphia between the late colonial period to the early republic (1765-1798). Hiltzheimer describes a wide range of events, such as sleigh riding to ice skating to attending a large celebration of King George's Birthday on the banks of the Schuylkill with over 380 Philadelphians (before Independence). During the imperial crisis, Hiltzheimer's observations provide an interesting perspective on the events happening within the city, including the repeal of the Stamp Act, French troop movements, Cornwallis's surrender, and ensuing mob violence against suspected loyalists (e.g. 10/24/1781).
 
Hiltzheimer provides a detailed and textured account of the young republic through scrupulous attention to the Constitutional Convention, election and reelection of George Washington, the Whiskey Rebellion, the Wyoming Valley incident, and the ascension of John Adams. Thanks to his career in Philadelphia politics (elected as a representative of the city in the Assembly in 1786), he furnishes first-hand accounts of George Washington, the funerals of Benjamin Franklin and David Rittenhouse, and numerous entries devoted to Pennsylvania luminaries including John and Clement Biddle, Joseph Morris, Levi Hollingsworth, Henry Drinker, and Timothy Matlack.
 
Hiltzheimer's journal also records family and personal details, including plague of locusts in 1766 and 1783, a great fire in 1794, and the death of his wife (3/11/1790) and loss of both his son and daughter to Yellow Fever (11/28/1793 and 12/29/1794 respectively). Indeed, his account of the Yellow Fever epidemic in Philadelphia is particularly exhaustive, with daily records of burials between 9/19-12/31/1793, as well as further accounts during the 1797 crisis, during which he ultimately contracted the disease that led to his death in September 1798.
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  Selected Quotations
  • Upon George Washington's resignation as commander-in-chief "Do therefore most Sincerely Congratulate him on the Noble Resolution he has fixed. That is, not to Accept of any Public office hereafter but to spend the Remainder of his Day in a Private Life, is undoubtedly the best Surest way to Preserve the Honours he so justly acquired during the late War" (12/15/1783)

  • Yellow Fever subsides: "Many of the Philadelphians returning from the Country" (11/9/1793)

  • On the Whiskey Rebellion: "yesterday General Neville and Dr. Lenox arrived in town from the said Neville's farm in Alleghany County from which they were obliged to fly on the 17 & 18 last month on account of they being officers of the exercise, the Rioters…" (8/9/1794)
 
 Subjects:  American Philosophical Society. | Colonial America | Constitutional conventions--United States. | Loyalist | Philadelphia history | Diaries. | United States--Civilization--1783-1865. | United States--History--Revolution, 1775-1783. | United States--Politics and government--1775-1783. | United States--Politics and government--1783-1809. | Washington, George, 1732-1799. | Weather. | Whiskey Rebellion Whiskey Rebellion, Pa., 1794. | Wyoming Valley (Pa.)--History. Wyoming Valley Incident Yellow fever--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia. 
 Collection:  Jacob Hiltzheimer Diaries  (Mss.B.H56d)  
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3.Title:  Robert Woodruff Journal (1785-1788)
 Dates:  1785 - 1788 
 Extent:  1 volume  
 Locations:  Annapolis | Baltimore | Bath | Boston | Cabin Point | Charleston | Elizabethtown | Exeter | Falmouth | Fredericksburg | Georgetown | Halifax | London | Middleton | Murrells Inlet | New Brunswick | New York | Newbern | Newport | Newtown | Norfolk | Petersburg | Philadelphia | Princeton | Providence | Richmond | Savannah | Tarboro | Trenton | Williamsburg | Wilmington | Wilmington, North Carolina 
 Abstract:  As secretary to John Anstey, Loyalists' Claims Commissioner, Robert Woodruff offers a detailed record of the U.S. in the early national period from the unique vantage of an English loyalist. His journal (1785-1788) documents his trip through the Northeastern, mid-Atlantic, and Southeastern states (as far south as Georgia). In his travels, Woodruff references many colonial leaders, including George Washington (10/27/1986), Samuel Vaughan (11/2/1786), and Benjamin Franklin (11/4/1786). Notably, Woodruff dines in house where "Lord Cornwallis in December 1776 held a council of war whether he should cross the Delaware to attack General Washington" (10/30/1786), witnesses Franklin's reelection as President of the Pennsylvania state house (11/4/1786), and mentions the American Philosophical Society (5/8/1787). 
    
 
    
As secretary to John Anstey, Loyalists' Claims Commissioner, Robert Woodruff offers a detailed record of the U.S. in the early national period from the unique vantage of an English loyalist. His journal (1785-1788) documents his trip through the Northeastern, mid-Atlantic, and Southeastern states (as far south as Georgia). In his travels, Woodruff references many colonial leaders, including George Washington (10/27/1986), Samuel Vaughan (11/2/1786), and Benjamin Franklin (11/4/1786). Notably, Woodruff dines in house where "Lord Cornwallis in December 1776 held a council of war whether he should cross the Delaware to attack General Washington" (10/30/1786), witnesses Franklin's reelection as President of the Pennsylvania state house (11/4/1786), and mentions the American Philosophical Society (5/8/1787).
 
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  Selected Quotations
  • "Went to the State house to see the Election of President, Vice President of the State—this is performed at a joint meeting of the two Branches of the Legislature—and the Mode of Election is by Ballot—At this time the president Dr. Franklin was unanimously re-elected, there being but one dissentient Ballot, which was put in by himself in Favor of a Mr. Biddle, who was candidate for the Office of Vice President, and elected by a small Majority—his competitions was a general Muhlenberg" (11/4/1786)

  • "[T]he College in this Town [Princeton] is a handsome stone Edifice regularly built with a large square in Front…There are about 100 Students in the College—it was Vacation time—the Constitution of the College is different from those of Eton or Westminster, or of the two universities—not being perfectly a school or perfectly a College" (10/27/1786)

  • "The State of Georgia is the most Southern of the United States…Georgia is increasing daily, owing to the prodigious Number of Emigrants since the Peace—I am credibly informed, that in Wilks County at the Commencement of the War there were not twelve Families, but that last year the Returns made to the General Assembly it appeared there were in that County—12537 Whites & 4723 Blacks" (2/6/1788)
 
 Subjects:  American Philosophical Society. | Constitutional conventions--United States. | Diaries. | Diplomacy. | Harvard University. | Indians of North America. | Native America | Travel. | Franklin, Benjamin, 1706-1790. | Muhlenberg, Henry, 1753-1815. | Loyalist | Philadelphia history | Princeton University. | Seafaring life. | United States--Civilization--1783-1865. | United States--Politics and government--1783-1809. | Urban planning and environment | Washington, George, 1732-1799. | Weather. 
 Collection:  Robert Woodruff journal. December 17, 1785 - May 1, 1788  (Mss.917.4.W852)  
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